Eiropas Savienība, kā arī citas starptautiskās organizācijas, ir izstādājusi virkni dokumentu, kas veltīti prettiesisko darbību ar kultūras priekšmetiem novēršanai. Piedāvājam Jums iepazīties ar tiem šeit:
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Regula EK Nr.116/2009 ievieš vienotu kontroles sistēmu, lai novērstu nelegālu kultūras priekšmetu izvešanu ārpus Savienības ārējām robežām, kas ļauj dalībvalstu, no kurām kultūras preces tiks izvestas uz valsti ārpus ES, kompetentajām (kultūras un muitas) iestādēm ņemt vērā citu dalībvalstu intereses. Tas ir darīts tāpēc, ka, ja šādas kontroles nebūtu, pārbaužu atcelšana uz fiziskām robežām ES ietvaros nozīmētu, ka no dalībvalsts nelikumīgi izvestu nacionālo dārgumu varētu uzrādīt citas dalībvalsts muitas iestādē un viegli izvest uz trešo valsti. Tikai kultūras preces, uz kurām attiecas pilnīga un vienota kontroles sistēma (dokumenti un ekspertīze), var atstāt ES teritoriju un legāli tikt izvestas ārpus ES.
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Oficiālais teksts:
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Padomes Regula (EK) Nr. 116/2009 ( 2008. gada 18. decembris ) par kultūras priekšmetu izvešanu (Kodificēta versija) - https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/en/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A32009R0116
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Direktīva 2014/60/ES papildina šo preventīvo instrumentu, nodrošinot mehānismus un procedūru nacionālo dārgumu atgriešanai, ja tie ir nelikumīgi izvesti no kādas dalībvalsts teritorijas. Lai gan regulas mērķis ir izvairīties no nacionālo dārgumu izvešanas ārpus ES teritorijas bez kontroles, direktīva savukārt nodarbojas ar kārtību šādu dārgumu atgriešanai izcelsmes dalībvalstī, ja tie ir nelikumīgi izvesti no tās.
- Oficiālais teksts:
Eiropas Parlaments un Padomes Direktīva 2014/60/ES (2014. gada 15. maijs) par no dalībvalsts teritorijas nelikumīgi izvestu kultūras priekšmetu atgriešanu un ar ko groza Regulu (ES) Nr. 1024/2012 (pārstrādāta redakcija) - https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=celex%3A32014L0060
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Regula (ES) 2019/880 par kultūras priekšmetu ieviešanu un importu tika pieņemta, lai nodrošinātu, ka Eiropas Savienībā var ievest tikai kultūras priekšmetus, kuri likumīgi izvesti no trešām valstīm, kur tie radīti vai atrasti. Nelegālu kultūras priekšmetu imports vai ievešana Savienībā ir aizliegta, un ir noteiktas procedūras kultūras priekšmetu importam Savienībā. Šī jaunā regula paredz ievešanas atļauju (importa licenču) sistēmu, ko dalībvalstu kompetentās iestādes izsniedz attiecībā uz visvairāk apdraudētajiem kultūras priekšmetiem, un importētāju apliecinājumu iesniegšanu muitai par citām, mazāk apdraudētām kultūras priekšmetu kategorijām. Komisija izstrādās centralizētu elektronisku sistēmu informācijas glabāšanai un apmaiņai starp dalībvalstu administrācijām. Tas nozīmē arī iespēju kultūras priekšmetus atgriezt trešajās valstīs, ja tie no turienes tika nelikumīgi eksportēti.
- Oficiālais teksts:
Eiropas Parlaments un Padomes regula (ES) 2019/880 (2019. gada 17. aprīlis) par kultūras priekšmetu ievešanu un importu - https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32019R0880
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Ad Hoc tirdzniecības ierobežojumi: Regulas par Irāku un Sīriju – Eiropas Savienības Padomes Regula (EK) Nr. 1210/2003 (2003. gada 7. jūlijs) par konkrētiem īpašiem ierobežojumiem attiecībā uz ekonomikas un finanšu sakariem ar Irāku un Eiropas Savienības Padome Regula Nr. 36/2012 (2012. gada 18. janvāris) par ierobežojošiem pasākumiem saistībā ar situāciju Sīrijā aizliedz kultūras priekšmetu tirdzniecību ar šīm valstīm gadījumos, kad ir pamatotas aizdomas, ka priekšmeti ir izvesti bez to likumīgā īpašnieka piekrišanas vai ir izvestas, pārkāphot valsts vai starptautiskos tiesību aktus. Šajās regulās nav citu noteikumu attiecībā uz to piemērošanu.
- Oficiālie teksti:
Eiropas Savienības Padomes Regula (EK) Nr. 1210/2003 (2003. gada 7. jūlijs) par konkrētiem īpašiem ierobežojumiem attiecībā uz ekonomikas un finanšu sakariem ar Irāku un par Regulas (EK) Nr. 2465/96 atcelšanu – https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32003R1210
Eiropas Savienības Padome Regula Nr. 36/2012 (2012. gada 18. janvāris) par ierobežojošiem pasākumiem saistībā ar situāciju Sīrijā un ar ko atceļ Regulu (ES) Nr. 442/2011 – https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=celex:32012R0036
Pašlaik nav paredzēti turpmāki pasākumi stingrākas regulējumam šajā jomā.
ArtLaw.club izsaka visdziļāko atzinību Annai Kostovas-Bourgeix kundzei (Policy Officer, European Commission, DG for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs, Goods in the Single Market and Enforcement, Unit B/1 Free Movement of Goods) par šī materiāla sagatavošanu.
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I’m Thermos Lucas. I'm here to tell my testimony about how. GEO COORDINATES RECOVERY HACKER enabled me to recover my stolen BTC. A few months ago I lost $673,000 worth of BTC to a fake investment company. I don’t know how they got my email but I received an email from Investment Bank with a good proposal on how I could make millions out of my investment with them. I was convinced when they showed me profits from other clients that had invested in their platform, I began investing with them. When it was time to withdraw my profits, their website was shut down and I tried contacting them but they wanted me to pay a huge amount of fee to be able to withdraw my funds which I did until they cut me off and stopped all communication with me. I was shocked and devastated, I realized there was nothing I could do to recover my funds, I had gone to the authorities but they couldn’t assist me. I did some research online and I came across a post about GEO COORDINATES RECOVERY HACKER Their professional team was super and it took them less than 48 hours to get my funds back from these scammers :
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After I realized I had been scammed, I spent days reading posts on Quora and Reddit. Most comments said recovery isn’t realistic, and many of the “contact this person on WhatsApp/Telegram” replies looked suspicious. What finally helped was focusing on legitimate blockchain forensic analysis instead of random “hackers.”
The specialist I contacted used scanner-based blockchain tracking tools to trace the movement of my funds from the scam address through multiple wallets. Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery explained every step, showed the transaction paths, and prepared a detailed report that could be submitted to the exchange where the funds eventually landed.
After I realized I had been scammed, I spent days reading posts on Quora and Reddit. Most comments said recovery isn’t realistic, and many of the “contact this person on WhatsApp/Telegram” replies looked suspicious. What finally helped was focusing on legitimate blockchain forensic analysis instead of random “hackers.”
The specialist I contacted used scanner-based blockchain tracking tools to trace the movement of my funds from the scam address through multiple wallets. Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery explained every step, showed the transaction paths, and prepared a detailed report that could be submitted to the exchange where the funds eventually landed.
It wasn’t instant, and it wasn’t magic. Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery remains a professional investigation based on how the blockchain works. With documentation, Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery was able to freeze the relevant account, verify the activity, and—after their internal review—release the recovered funds back to me.
After I realized I had been scammed, I spent days reading posts on Quora and Reddit. Most comments said recovery isn’t realistic, and many of the “contact this person on WhatsApp/Telegram” replies looked suspicious. What finally helped was focusing on legitimate blockchain forensic analysis instead of random “hackers.”
The specialist I contacted used scanner-based blockchain tracking tools to trace the movement of my funds from the scam address through multiple wallets. Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery explained every step, showed the transaction paths, and prepared a detailed report that could be submitted to the exchange where the funds eventually landed.
It wasn’t instant, and it wasn’t magic. Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery remains a professional investigation based on how the blockchain works. With documentation, Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery was able to freeze the relevant account, verify the activity, and—after their internal review—release the recovered funds back to me.
After I realized I had been scammed, I spent days reading posts on Quora and Reddit. Most comments said recovery isn’t realistic, and many of the “contact this person on WhatsApp/Telegram” replies looked suspicious. What finally helped was focusing on legitimate blockchain forensic analysis instead of random “hackers.”
The specialist I contacted used scanner-based blockchain tracking tools to trace the movement of my funds from the scam address through multiple wallets. Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery explained every step, showed the transaction paths, and prepared a detailed report that could be submitted to the exchange where the funds eventually landed.
It wasn’t instant, and it wasn’t magic. Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery remains a professional investigation based on how the blockchain works. With documentation, Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery was able to freeze the relevant account, verify the activity, and—after their internal review—release the recovered funds back to me.
After I realized I had been scammed, I spent days reading posts on Quora and Reddit. Most comments said recovery isn’t realistic, and many of the “contact this person on WhatsApp/Telegram” replies looked suspicious. What finally helped was focusing on legitimate blockchain forensic analysis instead of random “hackers.”
The specialist I contacted used scanner-based blockchain tracking tools to trace the movement of my funds from the scam address through multiple wallets. Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery explained every step, showed the transaction paths, and prepared a detailed report that could be submitted to the exchange where the funds eventually landed.
It wasn’t instant, and it wasn’t magic. Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery remains a professional investigation based on how the blockchain works. With documentation, Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery was able to freeze the relevant account, verify the activity, and—after their internal review—release the recovered funds back to me.
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• Look for Scanner Hacker Crypto Recovery teams who explain their process, show transaction tracking, and use proper tools.
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This article is for crypto scam victims,Ignore if you are not affected.Regards
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